Management methods of channel dredging project

Waterway dredging is a complicated system engineering, which is necessary to ensure the corresponding management measures of engineering quality. The particularity of waterway dredging engineering is that it is a dynamic management project. With the continuous development of the dredging industry, the internal and external conditions of engineering will also change accordingly. Under this premise, in order to guarantee the maximum investment benefit of the project, the project should be managed, cost management and quality management. Waterway dredging engineering management to promote the development of our country water transportation enterprise plays an important role, waterway dredging companies’ management target, uses the way of governance, the method also has certain differences. This paper puts forward the focus in the next article’s management methods, to improve the effectiveness of the management of waterway dredging construction.

Compared with other modes of transport, waterway transport has certain advantages. The main reason is that waterway transport has the advantages of large freight volume, low freight, saving resources, saving investment, etc.

1.Regulation method of the channel dredging project

 1.1 Shallow shoal maintenance dredging

Shallow shoal maintenance dredging is a kind of dredging measure to maintain the channel standard. When dredging by this method, the two main problems are the avoidance of ships and the disposal of silt. Therefore, the relationship between dredger and dredging vessel and between dredger and silt transport should be properly handled. Usually, the former is easier to solve, so this paper focuses on the latter. The relationship between dredger work and silt transport needs to be handled according to the following points: When using mud barges for outward transportation, it is strictly forbidden to dump the silt in the channel, and ensure that the mud is cast in the designated position or the mud throwing area; When using the cutter suction dredger for construction, attention should be paid to whether the dredging pipeline is across the navigable channel. If it is across the navigable channel, the traffic volume of the vessel in the channel should also be taken into account. If the channel traffic volume is small, it can be used to break or limit navigation construction.

 1.2 Heave and maintenance work on the rapine

Heave maintenance construction is also a dredging measure used to maintain the standard of the channel. This method is mainly applicable to the rapid beach where the ship cannot sail automatically. In general, the advantage of this method is that it is more economical and efficient than other ships with high-power engines. In addition, some rapids may be affected by the environment, which may lead to the deterioration of beach conditions and further hinder the navigation of ships. In this case, maintenance works such as dredging and beach inspection must be used.

 1.3 Infrastructure dredging

Infrastructure dredging is mainly to improve the size of shipping channels and flow conditions. Generally speaking, infrastructure dredging is more suitable for shoals or shallow sections with little annual change. By infrastructure dredging, the non-navigable inlet channels in development and in the declining state can be improved into navigable channels that meet the navigation standards, but only if they are accurately judged and reasonably designed. In addition, for some rapids, a straight channel can be opened up by cutting nozzles and bending and straightening, so as to improve the flow conditions. But usually, this method requires a long time of riverbed evolution analysis and does scientific and reasonable design.

 1.4 Damming to divert water

The damming water diversion project plays an important role in improving navigation and water flow conditions. Damming water diversion refers to the construction of regulation structures such as spur dam, along the dam, submerged dam, and guide dam on the river channel. Its main role is to guide the flow of water and through the beam of water to attack the sand deep channel and so on. Usually, damming is suitable for the control of shoal. The regulating structures may be used alone, but in order to improve their effectiveness, they are usually used together with centralized regulating structures. In addition, in recent years, regulating structures also began to be used for rapids’ governance. The general practice is to combine the dam with a reef explosion. For some of the complex rapids, when dam and reef explosion is difficult to completely eliminate the jet stream and steep ratio drop, but also should be rapids and steep ratio drop area set, so as to more than a stranded beach into one.

2.Channel dredging project management

 2.1 Management of project progress

In the construction of the channel dredging project, due to the influence of various factors, the dredging project will inevitably be delayed. In this case, the most important thing is to timely adjust the project plan which requires the dredging engineer to be able to reasonably predict the factors affecting the construction schedule of the dredging project, so as to adjust the dredging equipment and human resources planning, etc. and to keep the overall construction schedule of the dredging project within a reasonable range. Specifically, the available construction schedule management methods mainly include the following four aspects: First of all, the contractor of the channel dredging project shall make a sound construction schedule and make a specific daily, monthly and ten-day operation plan. Secondly, the contractor shall calculate the daily earthwork volume and monthly earthwork volume by calculating the footage and width of the excavation and the average elevation of the dredging surface before dredging, which can be calculated according to the completed sections of the dredging area. Third, during the construction period, an intermediate measurement should be made every month, and take it as the construction progress of the project. Fourth, need to statistics dredger daily, monthly completed project amount, using earned value analysis to master the progress of the project. Finally, if the gap between the actual project progress and the planned progress is too large, besides adjusting the project plan, dredging equipment and manpower should also be increased.

 2.2 Engineering cost management

The cost management of the channel dredging project involves the whole process of the project. Therefore, for the cost management of the channel dredging project, it is necessary to coordinate the communication and cooperation of multiple departments. Generally speaking, the cost management of the channel dredging project can be divided into two parts: one is the project cost budget; the other is project cost control. Project cost budget is the foundation of project cost management among them. To ensure the accuracy of the project budget cost, the relevant standards should be followed in the development of the project budget cost. When making the project cost budget, we should take the total cost estimate as the premise, and allocate the project cost to each item according to the design scheme, and finally get the total project budget through the summary. In terms of project cost control, the two most important aspects are project capital expenditure and the project completion quantity of dredging. Engineering cost control needs to be completed with the help of certain cost management technology, which usually includes the following three methods: change control management, performance measurement and deviation management. Change control management is mainly to manage the construction scope and cost change process of the project. The project construction capital expenditure can be effectively controlled by strengthening the management of design depth, control the construction scope and cost change process. And the performance measurement is mainly through the project performance evaluation and earned value management to measure the completion of the project. Deviation management is to use the cost performance measurement index to evaluate the cost benchmark and analyze the reasons for deviation from the cost budget, and then take corrective measures.

 2.3 Project quality management

The quality management of waterway dredging project has a direct impact on ensuring the dredging effect of waterway, and the quality management level of waterway dredging project directly reflects the level of engineering technology. Therefore, the quality management of channel dredging is a very important aspect for managers. Generally speaking, the quality management of channel dredging works is mainly carried out from the following aspects: Above all, the action that should strengthen project inspect manage. The main reason is that project supervision is the necessary premise to ensure the quality of channel dredging project. In practice, managers should choose qualified supervision units to supervise the whole construction process of channel dredging project. In the process of supervision, the supervision unit must abide by the contract and supervise the project according to the supervision and acceptance system stipulated in the contract, so as to control the construction quality of the project. Secondly, the management of subcontracting should be strengthened. In practice, some sub-projects of waterway dredging project will be subcontracted to labor construction team. Under this premise, the qualification of subcontractors must be strictly examined in order to ensure the quality of subcontracted projects. In addition, managers should also supervise the construction process of subcontractors, so as to ensure the quality of subcontractors’ construction. Thirdly, the construction plan, and process management should be strengthened. To be specific, the manager must carefully review the construction organization design and construction plan, and then the construction organization design and construction plan can be implemented.

3.Conclusion

To sum up, channel dredging project management can effectively ensure the quality of engineering construction, while channel engineering management measures are to improve the navigation conditions or flow conditions of the channel through reasonable methods and to further improve the effectiveness of channel dredging project, which is conducive to promoting the development of China’s waterway transportation.